The Wild West
Among others cited later, John Mack Faragher’s
works on the American West include:
Turner, Frederick Jackson, 1861-1932. Rereading
Frederick Jackson Turner: The Significance of the Frontier
in American History, And Other Essays. New York:
H. Holt, 1994.
Women and Men on the Overland Trail. New Haven:
Yale University Press, 1979.
You may also want to look at the works of Richard Slotkin,
another historian whom Dr. Faragher cites. Slotkin has
written widely on the myths of the 19th century West.
Start with these:
The Fatal Environment: The Myth Of The Frontier
In The Age Of Industrialization, 1800-1890. New
York: Atheneum, 1985.
Gunfighter Nation: The Myth of the Frontier in
Twentieth-Century America. New York: Atheneum l,
1992.
Here’s a booklength study of the effect of the
West on American culture and myth:
Richard Aquila, ed. Wanted Dead or Alive: The American
West in Popular Culture. Urbana: University of
Illinois Press, 1996.
You’ll certainly want to look at Dr. Faragher’s
study of the Daniel Boone myth:
Daniel Boone: The Life and Legend of an American
Pioneer. New York: Holt, 1992.
And this good modern edition of Boone’s “Life”:
Lofaro, Michael A., ed. The Life and Adventures
of Daniel Boone. Lexington: University Press of
Kentucky, 1986.
For more information on Cooper’s role in creating
the American frontier hero, see:
Kelly, William P. Plotting America's Past: Fenimore
Cooper And The Leatherstocking Tales. Carbondale:
Southern Illinois University Press, 1983.
In part because they both died at the Alamo, Croquet
and Bowie have inspired dozens of studies. Look at these
first:
Davis, William C. Three Roads To The Alamo: The
Lives And Fortunes Of David Crockett, James Bowie, And
William Barret Travis. New York: HarperCollinsPublishers,
1998.
Groneman, William. David Crockett: Hero Of The
Common Man. New York: Forge, 2005.
Lofaro, Michael A., and Joe Cummings, eds. Crockett
At Two Hundred: New Perspectives On The Man And The
Myth. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press,
1989.
Lofaro, Michael A. Davy Crockett: The Man, The
Legend, The Legacy, 1786-1986. Knoxville: University
of Tennessee Press, c1985.
Jesse and Frank James haven’t been neglected
either:
Stiles, T. J. Jesse James: Last Rebel Of The Civil
War. New York: A.A. Knopf: Distributed by Random
House, 2002.
Smith, Robert B. The Last Hurrah Of The James-Younger
Gang. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2001.
If you want to look at the broader question of the
evolution of “Westerns” as popular reading,
these recent books are an excellent start:
Alter, Judy, and A.T. Row, eds. Unbridled Spirits:
Short Fiction About Women In The Old West. Fort
Worth: Texas Christian University Press, 1994.
Bold, Christine. Selling The Wild West: Popular
Western Fiction, 1860 to 1960. Bloomington: Indiana
University Press, 1987.
Brown, Bill, ed. Reading The West: An Anthology
Of Dime Westerns. Boston: Bedford Books, 1997.
Canfield, J. Douglas. Mavericks On The Border:
The Early Southwest In Historical Fiction And Film.
Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2001.
Jones, Daryl. The Dime Novel Western. Bowling
Green, Ohio: Popular Press, Bowling Green University,
1978.
Klein, Marcus. Easterns, Westerns, And Private
Eyes: American Matters, 1870- 1900. Madison: University
of Wisconsin Press, c1994.
Tuska, Jon, ed. The American West In Fiction.
Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1982.
For Buffalo Bill, don’t forget the Buffalo Bill
Historical Center, cited in “General Resources,"
above. The most recent book on Cody is Louis Warren’s
prizewinning:
Buffalo Bill's America: William Cody and the Wild
West Show. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2005.
But these earlier studies on Cody and members of his
Wild West troupe are also valuable:
Bridger, Bobby. Buffalo Bill And Sitting Bull:
Inventing The Wild West. Austin: University of
Texas Press, 2002.
Carter, Robert A. Buffalo Bill Cody: The Man Behind
The Legend. New York: J. Wiley, 2000.
McMurtry, Larry. The Colonel And Little Missie:
Buffalo Bill, Annie Oakley, And The Beginnings Of Superstardom
In America. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2005.
Sayers, Isabelle S. Annie Oakley And Buffalo Bill's
Wild West. New York: Dover Publications, 1981.
We could do an entire issue on “Westerns”
on the big screen. These books are just a start for
looking at the broad history of this genre and some
early films:
Fagen, Herb. The Encyclopedia Of Westerns.
New York: Facts On File/Checkmark Books, 2002.
Corkin, Stanley. Cowboys As Cold Warriors: The
Western And U.S. History. Philadelphia: Temple
University Press, 2004.
Rollins, Peter C., and John E. O'Connor, eds. Hollywood's
West: The American Frontier In Film, Television, And
History. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky,
2005.
Simmon, Scott. The Invention Of The Western Film:
A Cultural History Of The Genre’s First Half-Century.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
Smith, Andrew Brodie. Shooting Cowboys And Indians:
Silent Western Films, American Culture, And The Birth
Of Hollywood. Boulder: University Press of Colorado,
2003.
Owen Wister’s novel The Virginian hasn’t
been out of print since its publication more than 100
years ago. These authors study the phenomenon of Wister’s
book and the cowboy hero he invented:
Cobbs, John L. Owen Wister. Boston: Twayne
Publishers, 1984.
Payne, Darwin. Owen Wister, Chronicler Of The West,
Gentleman Of The East. Dallas, TX: Southern Methodist
University Press, 1985.
White, G. Edward. The Eastern Establishment And
The Western Experience: The West Of Frederic Remington,
Theodore Roosevelt, And Owen Wister. New Haven,
Yale University Press, 1968.
Historians who focus on more recent Western filmmakers
mentioned in the essay include:
Cowie, Peter. John Ford and the American West.
New York: H.N. Abrams, 2004.
Davis, Ronald L. John Ford: Hollywood's Old Master.
Norman: University of Oklahoma, 1995.
McGilligan, Patrick. Clint: The Life And Legend.
New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999.
Westerns on smaller screens are discussed ably in this
book, written by a schoolmate of mine from Upstate New
York:
Yoggy, Gary A. Riding The Video Range: The Rise
And Fall Of The Western On Television. Jefferson,
N.C.: McFarland & Co., 1995.
This collection of essays includes helpful reflections
on the Western genre:
Elution, Richard W. Telling Western Stories: From
Buffalo Bill To Larry McMurtry. Albuquerque: University
of New Mexico Press, 1999. Essays based on Etulain’s
contributions to the Calvin Horn Lectures.
Finally, you and your students may enjoy taking a closer
look at Larry McMurtry’s 1985 novel, Lonesome
Dove (New York: Simon and Schuster), still easily
available in hardcover and paper back editions, and
some of the critical studies of the book and its part
in the evolution of Western mythology:
Busby, Mark. Larry McMurtry And The West: An Ambivalent
Relationship. Denton, Tex.: University of North
Texas Press, 1995.
West, Elliott. “On the Trail with Gus and Call:
Lonesome Dove and the Western Myth”, an essay
in Novel History: Historians and Novelists Confront
America's Past (And Each Other), ed. Mark C. Carnes.
New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001
Internet resources:
I’ll just skim the surface here. Be sure to look
at the websites I recommended for “general”
purposes for this issue (especially the Buffalo Bill
Center, of course), and take a look at some of these
more specialized URL’s:
Legends of America Same site has excellent section
on Western “legends,” from the heroes of
19th century dime novels to 20th and 21st century cowboys
on large and small screen:
http://www.legendsofamerica.com/LA-OldWestLegends.html
For a fulltext version of Daniel Boone’s 1784
“Adventures”:
http://www.earlyamerica.com/lives/boone/index.html
Also take a look at this Website maintained by Boone’s
descendants:
http://www.danielboonefamily.org/danielb/dedication.shtml
This University of Virginia site has brief sketch of
Crockett and fulltext of his “Bear Hunting in
Tennessee”:
http://etext.virginia.edu/railton/projects/price/acrocket.htm
“Handbook of Texas Online” has excellent
sketch of Crockett by Michael Lofaro:
http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/CC/fcr24.html
And one on Bowie, by William Williamson:
http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/BB/fbo45.html
The Wikipedia entry on dime novels is really first-rate:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dime_novel
These Stanford and the Library of Congress Websites
provide good essays and images in their “virtual
exhibitions” on dime novels:
http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/dp/pennies/home.html
http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/tri015.html
For the Great Train Robbery, the Wikipedia entry will
serve you well, and you can download the film from the
American Memory Website:
http://rs6.loc.gov/ammem/edhtml/gtr.html
Filmsite.org provides good background information and
plot summary for the film:
http://www.filmsite.org/grea.html
Both Bibliomania.com and the University of Virginia
offer fulltexts of The Virginian
http://www.bibliomania.com/0/0/58/105/frameset.html
http://xroads.virginia.edu/~hyper/wister/cover.html
The University of Wyoming has a very nice virtual exhibition
devoted to Wister and his most famous book and its life
on stage and film:
http://ahc.uwyo.edu/onlinecollections/exhibits/virginian/default.htm
This website for the PBS “American Experience”
broadcast on the James-Younger gang. Includes a teacher’s
guide with sketches of gang members, information on
their crimes and exploits (including contemporary newspaper
accounts):
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/james/index.html